A considerable number of organizations have developed their own codes of conduct; some have gone further to group together with others around the world to establish standards to improve the quality of life for workers around the world. Companies such as Avon, Sainsbury Plc., Toys 'R' Us and Otto Versand have joined with the Council on Economic Priorities (CEP) to establish SA8000 (Social Accountability 8000, on the lines of the manufacturing quality standard 1S09000). Their proposed global labor standards would be monitored by outside organizations to certify if plants are meeting those standards, among which are the following:
Do not use child or forced labor.
Provide a safe working environment.
Respect workers' rights to unionize.
Do not regularly require more than 48-hour work weeks.
Pay wages sufficient to meet workers' basic needs.
Also, there are four international codes of conduct that provide some consistent guidelines for multinational enterprises (MNEs). These codes were developed by the International Chamber of Commerce, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, the International Labor Orginization, and the United Nations Commission on Transnational Corporations. Getz has integrated these four codes and organized their common underlying principles, thereby establishing MNE behavior toward governments, publics, and people, as shown in Exhibit 2-3 (the originating institutions are in parentheses). She concludes, As international organizations and institutions (including MNEs themselves) continue to refine the codes, the underlying moral issues will be better identified, and appropriate MNE behavior will be more readily apparent.
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