In translating his or her intended meaning into symbols for cross-cultural cornmunication, the sender must use words, pictures, or gestures that are appropriate to the receiver's frame of reference. Of course, language training is invaluable, but senders should also avoid idioms and regional sayings (such as go fly a kite or foot the bill) in a translation, or even in English when speaking to a non- American who knows little English.
Literal translation, then, is a limited answer to language differences. Even among English-speaking countries, words may have different meanings-as experienced by a U.S. banker in Australia after a business dinner. To show appreciation, he said he was full (interpreted by his hosts as drunk); as the silence spread at the table, he tried to correct himself by saying he was stuffed (a word used locally only in a sexual context).66 Ways to avoid such problems are to speak slowly and clearly, avoid long sentences and colloquial expressions, and explain things in several different ways and through several media, if possible.67 However, even though English is in common use around the world for business transactions, the manager's efforts to speak the local language will greatly improve the climate. Sometimes people from other cultures resent the assumption by English- speaking executives that everyone else will speak English.
Language translation is only part of the encoding process; the message also is expressed in nonveibal language. In the encoding process, the sender must ensure congruence between the nonverbal and the verbal message. In encoding a message, therefore, it is useful to be as objective as possible and not to rely on personal interpretations. To further clarify their message, managers can hand out written summaries of verbal presentations and use visual aids-graphs or pictures. A good general guide is to move slowly, wait, and take cues from the receivers.
Careful Encoding : Communication article from Comparative Management Catagory Careful Encoding
Careful Encoding Communication article from Communication Comparative Management.Free learning from data about Careful Encoding Communication Comparative Management Business Management,online business management,business management classes,online business management degrees